在前面一篇文章中,我们分析了Android系统在启动时安装应用程序的过程,这些应用程序安装好之后,还须要有一个Home应用程序来负责把它们在桌面上展示出来,在Android系统中,这个默认的Home应用程序就是Launcher了,本文将详细分析Launcher应用程序的启动过程。
Android系统的Home应用程序Launcher是由ActivityManagerService启动的,而ActivityManagerService和PackageManagerService一样,都是在开机时由SystemServer组件启动的,SystemServer组件首先是启动ePackageManagerServic,由它来负责安装系统的应用程序,详细能够參考前面一篇文章,系统中的应用程序安装好了以后,SystemServer组件接下来就要通过ActivityManagerService来启动Home应用程序Launcher了,Launcher在启动的时候便会通过PackageManagerServic把系统中已经安装好的应用程序以快捷图标的形式展示在桌面上,这样用户就能够使用这些应用程序了,整个步骤例如以下图所看到的:
以下详细分析每个步骤。
Step 1. SystemServer.main
这个函数定义在frameworks/base/services/java/com/android/server/SystemServer.java文件里,详细能够參考前面一篇文章的Step 1。
Step 2. SystemServer.init1
这个函数是一个JNI方法,实如今 frameworks/base/services/jni/com_android_server_SystemServer.cpp文件里,详细能够參考前面一篇文章的Step 2。
Step 3. libsystem_server.system_init
函数system_init实如今libsystem_server库中,源码位于frameworks/base/cmds/system_server/library/system_init.cpp文件里,详细能够參考前面一篇文章的Step 3。
Step 4. AndroidRuntime.callStatic
这个函数定义在frameworks/base/core/jni/AndroidRuntime.cpp文件里,详细能够參考前面一篇文章的Step 4。
Step 5. SystemServer.init2
这个函数定义在frameworks/base/services/java/com/android/server/SystemServer.java文件里,详细能够參考前面一篇文章的Step 5。
Step 6. ServerThread.run
这个函数定义在frameworks/base/services/java/com/android/server/SystemServer.java文件里,详细能够參考前面一篇文章的Step 6。
Step 7. ActivityManagerService.main这个函数定义在frameworks/base/services/java/com/android/server/am/ActivityManagerServcie.java文件里:
public final class ActivityManagerService extends ActivityManagerNative implements Watchdog.Monitor, BatteryStatsImpl.BatteryCallback { ...... public static final Context main(int factoryTest) { AThread thr = new AThread(); thr.start(); synchronized (thr) { while (thr.mService == null) { try { thr.wait(); } catch (InterruptedException e) { } } } ActivityManagerService m = thr.mService; mSelf = m; ActivityThread at = ActivityThread.systemMain(); mSystemThread = at; Context context = at.getSystemContext(); m.mContext = context; m.mFactoryTest = factoryTest; m.mMainStack = new ActivityStack(m, context, true); m.mBatteryStatsService.publish(context); m.mUsageStatsService.publish(context); synchronized (thr) { thr.mReady = true; thr.notifyAll(); } m.startRunning(null, null, null, null); return context; } ......}这个函数首先通过AThread线程对象来内部创建了一个ActivityManagerService实例,然后将这个实例保存其成员变量mService中,接着又把这个ActivityManagerService实例保存在ActivityManagerService类的静态成员变量mSelf中,最后初始化其他成员变量,就结束了。
Step 8. PackageManagerService.main
这个函数定义在frameworks/base/services/java/com/android/server/PackageManagerService.java文件里,详细能够參考前面一篇文章的Step 7。运行完这一步之后,系统中的应用程序的全部信息都保存在PackageManagerService中了,后面Home应用程序Launcher启动起来后,就会把PackageManagerService中的应用程序信息取出来,然后以快捷图标的形式展示在桌面上,后面我们将会看到这个过程。
Step 9. ActivityManagerService.setSystemProcess
这个函数定义在frameworks/base/services/java/com/android/server/am/ActivityManagerServcie.java文件里:
public final class ActivityManagerService extends ActivityManagerNative implements Watchdog.Monitor, BatteryStatsImpl.BatteryCallback { ...... public static void setSystemProcess() { try { ActivityManagerService m = mSelf; ServiceManager.addService("activity", m); ServiceManager.addService("meminfo", new MemBinder(m)); if (MONITOR_CPU_USAGE) { ServiceManager.addService("cpuinfo", new CpuBinder(m)); } ServiceManager.addService("permission", new PermissionController(m)); ApplicationInfo info = mSelf.mContext.getPackageManager().getApplicationInfo( "android", STOCK_PM_FLAGS); mSystemThread.installSystemApplicationInfo(info); synchronized (mSelf) { ProcessRecord app = mSelf.newProcessRecordLocked( mSystemThread.getApplicationThread(), info, info.processName); app.persistent = true; app.pid = MY_PID; app.maxAdj = SYSTEM_ADJ; mSelf.mProcessNames.put(app.processName, app.info.uid, app); synchronized (mSelf.mPidsSelfLocked) { mSelf.mPidsSelfLocked.put(app.pid, app); } mSelf.updateLruProcessLocked(app, true, true); } } catch (PackageManager.NameNotFoundException e) { throw new RuntimeException( "Unable to find android system package", e); } } ......}这个函数首先是将这个ActivityManagerService实例加入到ServiceManager中去托管,这样其他地方就能够通过ServiceManager.getService接口来訪问这个全局唯一的ActivityManagerService实例了,接着又通过调用mSystemThread.installSystemApplicationInfo函数来把应用程序框架层以下的android包载入进来 ,这里的mSystemThread是一个ActivityThread类型的实例变量,它是在上面的Step 7中创建的,后面就是一些其他的初始化工作了。
Step 10. ActivityManagerService.systemReady
这个函数是在上面的Step 6中的ServerThread.run函数在将系统中的一系列服务都初始化完成之后才调用的,它定义在frameworks/base/services/java/com/android/server/am/ActivityManagerServcie.java文件里:
public final class ActivityManagerService extends ActivityManagerNative implements Watchdog.Monitor, BatteryStatsImpl.BatteryCallback { ...... public void systemReady(final Runnable goingCallback) { ...... synchronized (this) { ...... mMainStack.resumeTopActivityLocked(null); } } ......}这个函数的内容比較多,这里省去无关的部分,主要关心启动Home应用程序的逻辑,这里就是通过mMainStack.resumeTopActivityLocked函数来启动Home应用程序的了,这里的mMainStack是一个ActivityStack类型的实例变量。
Step 11. ActivityStack.resumeTopActivityLocked
这个函数定义在frameworks/base/services/java/com/android/server/am/ActivityStack.java文件里:
public class ActivityStack { ...... final boolean resumeTopActivityLocked(ActivityRecord prev) { // Find the first activity that is not finishing. ActivityRecord next = topRunningActivityLocked(null); ...... if (next == null) { // There are no more activities! Let's just start up the // Launcher... if (mMainStack) { return mService.startHomeActivityLocked(); } } ...... } ......}这里调用函数topRunningActivityLocked返回的是当前系统Activity堆栈最顶端的Activity,因为此时还没有Activity被启动过,因此,返回值为null,即next变量的值为null,于是就调用mService.startHomeActivityLocked语句,这里的mService就是前面在Step 7中创建的ActivityManagerService实例了。
Step 12. ActivityManagerService.startHomeActivityLocked
这个函数定义在frameworks/base/services/java/com/android/server/am/ActivityManagerServcie.java文件里:
public final class ActivityManagerService extends ActivityManagerNative implements Watchdog.Monitor, BatteryStatsImpl.BatteryCallback { ...... boolean startHomeActivityLocked() { ...... Intent intent = new Intent( mTopAction, mTopData != null ? Uri.parse(mTopData) : null); intent.setComponent(mTopComponent); if (mFactoryTest != SystemServer.FACTORY_TEST_LOW_LEVEL) { intent.addCategory(Intent.CATEGORY_HOME); } ActivityInfo aInfo = intent.resolveActivityInfo(mContext.getPackageManager(), STOCK_PM_FLAGS); if (aInfo != null) { intent.setComponent(new ComponentName( aInfo.applicationInfo.packageName, aInfo.name)); // Don't do this if the home app is currently being // instrumented. ProcessRecord app = getProcessRecordLocked(aInfo.processName, aInfo.applicationInfo.uid); if (app == null || app.instrumentationClass == null) { intent.setFlags(intent.getFlags() | Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK); mMainStack.startActivityLocked(null, intent, null, null, 0, aInfo, null, null, 0, 0, 0, false, false); } } return true; } ......}函数首先创建一个CATEGORY_HOME类型的Intent,然后通过Intent.resolveActivityInfo函数向PackageManagerService查询Category类型为HOME的Activity,这里我们如果仅仅有系统自带的Launcher应用程序注冊了HOME类型的Activity(见packages/apps/Launcher2/AndroidManifest.xml文件):
...... ......
因此,这里就返回com.android.launcher2.Launcher这个Activity了。因为是第一次启动这个Activity,接下来调用函数getProcessRecordLocked返回来的ProcessRecord值为null,于是,就调用mMainStack.startActivityLocked函数启动com.android.launcher2.Launcher这个Activity了,这里的mMainStack是一个ActivityStack类型的成员变量。
Step 13. ActivityStack.startActivityLocked
这个函数定义在frameworks/base/services/java/com/android/server/am/ActivityStack.java文件里,详细能够參考一文,这里就不详述了,在我们这个场景中,调用这个函数的最后结果就是把com.android.launcher2.Launcher启动起来,接着调用它的onCreate函数。
Step 14. Launcher.onCreate
这个函数定义在packages/apps/Launcher2/src/com/android/launcher2/Launcher.java文件里:
public final class Launcher extends Activity implements View.OnClickListener, OnLongClickListener, LauncherModel.Callbacks, AllAppsView.Watcher { ...... @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { ...... if (!mRestoring) { mModel.startLoader(this, true); } ...... } ......}这里的mModel是一个LauncherModel类型的成员变量,这里通过调用它的startLoader成员函数来运行加应用程序的操作。
Step 15. LauncherModel.startLoader
这个函数定义在packages/apps/Launcher2/src/com/android/launcher2/LauncherModel.java文件里:
public class LauncherModel extends BroadcastReceiver { ...... public void startLoader(Context context, boolean isLaunching) { ...... synchronized (mLock) { ...... // Don't bother to start the thread if we know it's not going to do anything if (mCallbacks != null && mCallbacks.get() != null) { // If there is already one running, tell it to stop. LoaderTask oldTask = mLoaderTask; if (oldTask != null) { if (oldTask.isLaunching()) { // don't downgrade isLaunching if we're already running isLaunching = true; } oldTask.stopLocked(); } mLoaderTask = new LoaderTask(context, isLaunching); sWorker.post(mLoaderTask); } } } ......}这里不是直接载入应用程序,而是把载入应用程序的操作作为一个消息来处理。这里的sWorker是一个Handler,通过它的post方式把一个消息放在消息队列中去,然后系统就会调用传进去的參数mLoaderTask的run函数来处理这个消息,这个mLoaderTask是LoaderTask类型的实例,于是,以下就会运行LoaderTask类的run函数了。
Step 16. LoaderTask.run
这个函数定义在packages/apps/Launcher2/src/com/android/launcher2/LauncherModel.java文件里:
public class LauncherModel extends BroadcastReceiver { ...... private class LoaderTask implements Runnable { ...... public void run() { ...... keep_running: { ...... // second step if (loadWorkspaceFirst) { ...... loadAndBindAllApps(); } else { ...... } ...... } ...... } ...... } ......}这里调用loadAndBindAllApps成员函数来进一步操作。
Step 17. LoaderTask.loadAndBindAllApps
这个函数定义在packages/apps/Launcher2/src/com/android/launcher2/LauncherModel.java文件里:public class LauncherModel extends BroadcastReceiver { ...... private class LoaderTask implements Runnable { ...... private void loadAndBindAllApps() { ...... if (!mAllAppsLoaded) { loadAllAppsByBatch(); if (mStopped) { return; } mAllAppsLoaded = true; } else { onlyBindAllApps(); } } ...... } ......}因为还没有载入过应用程序,这里的mAllAppsLoaded为false,于是就继续调用loadAllAppsByBatch函数来进一步操作了。
Step 18. LoaderTask.loadAllAppsByBatch
这个函数定义在packages/apps/Launcher2/src/com/android/launcher2/LauncherModel.java文件里:public class LauncherModel extends BroadcastReceiver { ...... private class LoaderTask implements Runnable { ...... private void loadAllAppsByBatch() { ...... final Intent mainIntent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_MAIN, null); mainIntent.addCategory(Intent.CATEGORY_LAUNCHER); final PackageManager packageManager = mContext.getPackageManager(); List函数首先构造一个CATEGORY_LAUNCHER类型的Intent:apps = null; int N = Integer.MAX_VALUE; int startIndex; int i=0; int batchSize = -1; while (i < N && !mStopped) { if (i == 0) { mAllAppsList.clear(); ...... apps = packageManager.queryIntentActivities(mainIntent, 0); ...... N = apps.size(); ...... if (mBatchSize == 0) { batchSize = N; } else { batchSize = mBatchSize; } ...... Collections.sort(apps, new ResolveInfo.DisplayNameComparator(packageManager)); } startIndex = i; for (int j=0; i <= batchSize; final Callbacks callbacks = tryGetCallbacks(oldCallbacks); final ArrayList added = mAllAppsList.added; mAllAppsList.added = new ArrayList (); mHandler.post(new Runnable() { public void run() { final long t = SystemClock.uptimeMillis(); if (callbacks != null) { if (first) { callbacks.bindAllApplications(added); } else { callbacks.bindAppsAdded(added); } ...... } else { ...... } } }); ...... } ...... } ...... } ......}
final Intent mainIntent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_MAIN, null); mainIntent.addCategory(Intent.CATEGORY_LAUNCHER);接着从mContext变量中获得PackageManagerService的接口:
final PackageManager packageManager = mContext.getPackageManager();
下一步就是通过这个PackageManagerService.queryIntentActivities接口来取回全部Action类型为Intent.ACTION_MAIN,而且Category类型为Intent.CATEGORY_LAUNCHER的Activity了。
我们先进入到PackageManagerService.queryIntentActivities函数中看看是怎样获得这些Activity的,然后再回到这个函数中来看其余操作。
Step 19. PackageManagerService.queryIntentActivities
这个函数定义在frameworks/base/services/java/com/android/server/PackageManagerService.java文件里:
class PackageManagerService extends IPackageManager.Stub { ...... public ListqueryIntentActivities(Intent intent, String resolvedType, int flags) { ...... synchronized (mPackages) { String pkgName = intent.getPackage(); if (pkgName == null) { return (List )mActivities.queryIntent(intent, resolvedType, flags); } ...... } ...... } ......}
回顾前面一篇文章,系统在前面的Step 8中启动PackageManagerService时,会把系统中的应用程序都解析一遍,然后把解析得到的Activity都保存在mActivities变量中,这里通过这个mActivities变量的queryIntent函数返回符合条件intent的Activity,这里要返回的便是Action类型为Intent.ACTION_MAIN,而且Category类型为Intent.CATEGORY_LAUNCHER的Activity了。
回到Step 18中的 LoaderTask.loadAllAppsByBatch函数中,从queryIntentActivities函数调用处返回所要求的Activity后,便调用函数tryGetCallbacks(oldCallbacks)得到一个返CallBack接口,这个接口是由Launcher类实现的,接着调用这个接口的.bindAllApplications函数来进一步操作。注意,这里又是通过消息来处理载入应用程序的操作的。
Step 20. Launcher.bindAllApplications
这个函数定义在packages/apps/Launcher2/src/com/android/launcher2/Launcher.java文件里:
public final class Launcher extends Activity implements View.OnClickListener, OnLongClickListener, LauncherModel.Callbacks, AllAppsView.Watcher { ...... private AllAppsView mAllAppsGrid; ...... public void bindAllApplications(ArrayList这里的mAllAppsGrid是一个AllAppsView类型的变量,它的实际类型一般就是AllApps2D了。apps) { mAllAppsGrid.setApps(apps); } ......}
Step 21. AllApps2D.setApps
这个函数定义在packages/apps/Launcher2/src/com/android/launcher2/AllApps2D.java文件里:
public class AllApps2D extends RelativeLayout implements AllAppsView, AdapterView.OnItemClickListener, AdapterView.OnItemLongClickListener, View.OnKeyListener, DragSource { ...... public void setApps(ArrayList函数setApps首先清空mAllAppsList列表,然后调用addApps函数来为上一步得到的每个应用程序创建一个ApplicationInfo实例了,有了这些ApplicationInfo实例之后,就能够在桌面上展示系统中全部的应用程序了。list) { mAllAppsList.clear(); addApps(list); } public void addApps(ArrayList list) { final int N = list.size(); for (int i=0; i
到了这里,系统默认的Home应用程序Launcher就把PackageManagerService中的应用程序载入进来了,当我们在屏幕上点击以下这个图标时,就会把刚才载入好的应用程序以图标的形式展示出来了:
点击这个button时,便会响应Launcher.onClick函数:
public final class Launcher extends Activity implements View.OnClickListener, OnLongClickListener, LauncherModel.Callbacks, AllAppsView.Watcher { ...... public void onClick(View v) { Object tag = v.getTag(); if (tag instanceof ShortcutInfo) { ...... } else if (tag instanceof FolderInfo) { ...... } else if (v == mHandleView) { if (isAllAppsVisible()) { ...... } else { showAllApps(true); } } } ......}接着就会调用showAllApps函数显示应用程序图标:
public final class Launcher extends Activity implements View.OnClickListener, OnLongClickListener, LauncherModel.Callbacks, AllAppsView.Watcher { ...... void showAllApps(boolean animated) { mAllAppsGrid.zoom(1.0f, animated); ((View) mAllAppsGrid).setFocusable(true); ((View) mAllAppsGrid).requestFocus(); // TODO: fade these two too mDeleteZone.setVisibility(View.GONE); } ......}这样我们就能够看到系统中的应用程序了: 当点击上面的这些应用程序图标时,便会响应AllApps2D.onItemClick函数:
public class AllApps2D extends RelativeLayout implements AllAppsView, AdapterView.OnItemClickListener, AdapterView.OnItemLongClickListener, View.OnKeyListener, DragSource { ...... public void onItemClick(AdapterView parent, View v, int position, long id) { ApplicationInfo app = (ApplicationInfo) parent.getItemAtPosition(position); mLauncher.startActivitySafely(app.intent, app); } ......}
这里的成员变量mLauncher的类型为Launcher,于是就调用Launcher.startActivitySafely函数来启动应用程序了,这个过程详细能够參考一文。
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